Recombinant Human Interferon Stimulated Gene 15

Source : Escherichia Coli. ISG15 Human Recombinant fused to N-terminal Calmudulin Tag (151 a.a.) produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing a total of 308 amino acids (157 a.a. without tag) and having a molecular mass of 34 kDa. ISG15 ubiquitin-like Modifier is conjugated to the intracellular target proteins after IFN-alpha or IFN-beta stimulation. ISG15 enzymatic pathway is partially distinct from that of ubiquitin, differing in substrate specificity and interaction with ligating enzymes. ISG15 conjugation pathway uses a dedicated E1 enzyme, but seems to converge with the ub conjugation pathway at the level of a specific E2 enzyme. ISG15 protein targets include STAT1, SERPINA 3G/SPI2A, JAK1, MAPK3/ERK1, PLCG1, EIF2AK2/PKR, MX1/MXA, and RIG-1. Deconjugated by USP18/UBP43 shows specific chemotactic activity towards neutrophils and activates them to induce release of eosinophil chemotactic factors. ISG15 serves as a trans-acting binding factor directing the association of ligated target proteins to intermediate filaments. ISG15 plays a role in autocrine, paracrine and endocrine mechanisms, as in cell-to-cell signaling, possibly partly by inducing ifn-gamma secretion by monocytes and macrophages. ISG15 displays antiviral activity during viral infections. ISG15 in response to IFN-TAU secreted by the conceptus, ligates to and regulate proteins involved in the release of prostaglandin F2-alpha and thus prevent lysis of the corpus luteum and maintain the pregnancy.The interferon-stimulated gene having a molecular mass of 15 kDa is an interferon regulated gene that is induced as a primary response to diverse microbial and cell stress stimuli, and encodes the founding member of the ubiquitin-like protein family. ISG15 shares several common properties with other ubiquitin-like molecules, but its activity is strongly regulated by precise signaling pathways that have a role in innate immunity.